Ngokuvamile endaweni yomcimbi, uma abasebenzi bendawo bengawuphathi kahle, imakrofoni izokhipha umsindo onzima uma iseduze nesipikha. Lo msindo onzima ubizwa ngokuthi “ukukhala”, noma “inzuzo yempendulo”. Le nqubo ibangelwa isignali yokufaka imakrofoni ngokweqile, ehlanekezela umsindo okhishwayo futhi ibangele ukukhala.

Impendulo ye-acoustic iyinto engajwayelekile evame ukwenzeka ezinhlelweni zokuqinisa umsindo (PA). Iyinkinga ehlukile ye-acoustic yezinhlelo zokuqinisa umsindo. Kungathiwa iyingozi ekukhiqizeni umsindo. Abantu ababandakanyeka kumsindo wobungcweti, ikakhulukazi labo abangochwepheshe ekuqiniseni umsindo endaweni, bayakuzonda ngempela ukukhala kwesipikha, ngoba inkinga ebangelwa ukukhala ayinamkhawulo. Iningi labasebenzi bomsindo abangochwepheshe selicishe lahlupha ubuchopho babo ukuze bakuqede. Kodwa-ke, kusenzima ukuqeda ngokuphelele ukukhala. Ukukhala kwe-acoustic feedback kuyinto ebangela ukukhala okubangelwa yingxenye yamandla omsindo adluliselwa kumakrofoni ngokudluliswa komsindo. Esimweni esibucayi lapho kungekho ukukhala, kuzovela ithoni yokukhala. Ngalesi sikhathi, ngokuvamile kubhekwa ukuthi kukhona into ebangela ukukhala. Ngemva kokuncipha kwe-6dB, kuchazwa njengokuthi akukho nto ebangela ukukhala eyenzeka.

Uma imakrofoni isetshenziswa ukuqoqa umsindo ohlelweni lokuqinisa umsindo, ngoba akunakwenzeka ukuthatha izinyathelo zokuhlukanisa umsindo phakathi kwendawo yokulanda yemakrofoni nendawo yokudlala yesipikha. Umsindo ovela esipikhani ungadlula kalula esikhaleni uye kumakrofoni futhi ubangele ukukhala. Ngokuvamile, uhlelo lokuqinisa umsindo kuphela olunenkinga yokukhala, futhi akukho mbandela wokukhala nhlobo ohlelweni lokurekhoda nokubuyisela. Isibonelo, kunezipikha zokuqapha kuphela ohlelweni lokurekhoda, indawo yokusetshenziswa kwemakrofoni esitudiyo sokurekhoda kanye nendawo yokudlala yezipikha zokuqapha zihlukanisiwe, futhi akukho mbandela wokuphendula umsindo. Kuhlelo lokukhiqiza umsindo wefilimu, amakrofoni cishe awasetshenziswa, noma ngabe Uma usebenzisa imakrofoni, isetshenziselwa futhi ukuqoqa izwi eduze egumbini lokubonisa. Isipikha sokubonisa umsindo sikude nemakrofoni, ngakho-ke akukho mqondo wokukhala.

Izizathu ezingaba khona zokukhala:

1. Sebenzisa imakrofoni nezipikha ngesikhathi esisodwa;

2. Umsindo ovela esipikheni ungadluliselwa kumakrofoni ngesikhala;

3. Amandla omsindo akhishwa yisipikha makhulu ngokwanele, futhi ukuzwela kwe-pickup yemakrofoni kuphakeme ngokwanele.

Uma kwenzeka into yokubhonga, ivolumu yemakrofoni ayikwazi ukulungiswa kakhulu. Ukubhonga kuzoba kubi kakhulu ngemva kokuba ivuliwe, okuzobangela imiphumela emibi kakhulu ekusebenzeni okubukhoma, noma into yokukhala komsindo ivele ngemva kokuba imakrofoni ivuliwe kakhulu (okungukuthi, lapho imakrofoni ivuliwe. Into yomsila womsindo wemakrofoni endaweni ebalulekile yokubhonga), umsindo unomuzwa wokubuyela emuva, obhubhisa ikhwalithi yomsindo; Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, isikhulumi noma i-amplifier yamandla izoshiswa ngenxa yesignali eyeqile, okwenza ukusebenza kungakwazi ukuqhubeka ngendlela evamile, okubangela ukulahlekelwa okukhulu kwezomnotho kanye nokulahlekelwa idumela. Ngokombono wezinga lengozi yomsindo, ukuthula nokubhonga kuyizingozi ezinkulu, ngakho-ke unjiniyela wesipika kufanele athathe ithuba elikhulu lokugwema into yokubhonga ukuqinisekisa intuthuko evamile yokuqinisa umsindo endaweni.

Izindlela zokugwema ngempumelelo ukukhala:

Gcina imakrofoni kude nezipikha;

Nciphisa ivolumu yemakrofoni;

Sebenzisa izici zokukhomba zezikhulumi nama-microphone ukuze ugweme izindawo zazo zokukhomba;

Sebenzisa i-frequency shifter;

Sebenzisa i-equalizer kanye ne-feedback suppressor;

Sebenzisa izipikha nama-microphone ngendlela efanele.

Kungumthwalo wemfanelo wabasebenzi bomsindo ukulwa ngokungaphezi ngokukhala kwezikhulumi. Ngokuthuthuka okuqhubekayo kobuchwepheshe bomsindo, kuzoba nezindlela eziningi zokuqeda nokucindezela ukukhala. Kodwa-ke, ngokwemfundiso, akulona iqiniso ukuthi uhlelo lokuqinisa umsindo luqede nhlobo lesi simo sokukhala, ngakho-ke singathatha izinyathelo ezidingekayo kuphela ukugwema ukukhala ekusetshenzisweni okuvamile kohlelo.