Umphumela wokusebenza kohlelo lomsindo ngokuhlanganyela unqunywe yimishini yomthombo ozwakalayo kanye nokuqiniswa komsindo wesigaba esilandelayo, okuqukethe umthombo womsindo, ukuhlela, imishini yokuhlanza, imishini yokuxhuma kanye nemisindo yokuxhuma kanye nemishini yokuxhuma.

1. Uhlelo lomthombo womsindo

Imakrofoni iyisixhumanisi sokuqala sohlelo lonke lokuqinisa umsindo noma uhlelo lokuqopha, futhi ikhwalithi yalo ithinta ngqo ikhwalithi yalo lonke uhlelo. Imakrofoni ihlukaniswe izigaba ezimbili: i-wired futhi engenantambo ngokuya ngefomu lokudluliselwa kwesiginali.

Imakrofoni engenantambo ilungele ikakhulukazi ukuthola imithombo yeselula. Ukuze wenze lula ukuvezwa okuzwakalayo kwezikhathi ezahlukahlukene, uhlelo ngalunye lwemakrofoni olungenantambo lungafakwa ngemakrofoni ephathekayo kanye nemakrofoni ye-lavalier. Njengoba i-studio inohlelo lokuqinisa umsindo ngasikhathi sinye, ukuze igweme impendulo ye-acoustic, imakrofoni ephethwe yi-wireless kufanele isebenzise imakrofoni esondelene nenhliziyo esondelene yokukhuluma nge-pickup yokukhuluma nokucula. Ngasikhathi sinye, uhlelo lwemakrofoni olungenantambo kufanele lwamukele ukwehlukahlukana kwezobuchwepheshe, olungakwazi ukwenza ngcono ukuqina kwesiginali etholakele, kodwa futhi kusize ekuqedeni i-angle efile kanye nendawo engaboni yesiginali etholakele.

Imakrofoni ephilile inomsebenzi omningi, wemicimbi eminingi, ukucushwa kwemakrofoni ehlukahlukene. Ngokuthwebula izilimi noma okuqukethwe okuhlabelela, imakrofoni ye-Cardioid condenser ngokuvamile isetshenziswa, futhi imakrofoni ye-electrothet egqoke futhi ingasetshenziswa ezindaweni ezinemithombo emihle ehleliwe; Imakrofoni ye-Microphone-Direction Super-Direction courenser ingasetshenziselwa ukukhetha imiphumela yemvelo; Izinsimbi ze-Percussion ngokuvamile zisetshenziswa ukuzwela okuphansi kwamamakrofoni emali; imakrofoni ephezulu ye-condenser yezintambo, amakhibhodi nezinye izinsimbi zomculo; Imakrofoni esondelanayo ephakeme kakhulu ingasetshenziswa lapho izidingo zomsindo wezemvelo ziphezulu; Imakrofoni ye-coogeser ye-single-point goodeseck kufanele isetshenziswe ukucubungula ukuguquguquka kwezinto ezinkulu zemidlalo yaseshashalazini.

Inombolo nohlobo lwemakrofoni ingakhethwa ngokuya ngezidingo zangempela zesayithi.

2. Uhlelo Lokucinga

Ingxenye esemqoka yohlelo lokuhlenga yi-mixer, engakhulisa, i-accoute, futhi yalungisa ngokuqinile amasignali womthombo wokufaka okomsindo wamazinga ahlukene nokuvikelwa; Sebenzisa isilinganisi esinamathiselwe ukucubungula ibhendi ngayinye yemvamisa yesiginali; Ngemuva kokulungisa isilinganiso sokuxuba kwesiginali yesiteshi ngasinye, isiteshi ngasinye sabelwe futhi sathunyelwa ekupheleni ngakunye; Lawula isiginali yokuqinisa umsindo ebukhoma kanye nokuqopha ukurekhoda.

Kunezinto ezimbalwa okufanele zinake uma usebenzisa i-mixer. Okokuqala, khetha izingxenye zokufaka nge-Port Port Port ethretha umthamo kanye nempendulo yemvamisa ebanzi ngangokunokwenzeka. Ungakhetha okokufaka kwe-microphone noma ukufakwa komugqa. Ukufakwa ngakunye kunenkinobho yokulawula eqhubekayo kanye nokushintshwa kwamandla we-48V phantom. . Ngale ndlela, ingxenye yokufaka yesiteshi ngasinye ingabe ngcono izinga lesiginali yokufaka ngaphambi kokucutshungulwa. Okwesibili, ngenxa yezinkinga zempendulo yempendulo nokuqapha kwesiteji ekuqiniseni umsindo, ukulingana ngokwengeziwe kwezingxenye zokufaka, ukuphuma okususayo kanye nokuphuma kweqembu, okungcono, futhi okulawulwa yindawo, futhi ukulawulwa kusebenza kahle. Okwesithathu, ngokuphepha nokwethenjwa kohlelo, i-mixer ingahlonyiswa ngamandla amabili amakhulu okubekwe eceleni kanye nokubekwe eceleni, futhi ingashintsha ngokuzenzakalelayo.Angasuse futhi ilawula isigaba sesiginali somsindo), amachweba okufaka nawokukhipha angcono kakhulu ama-XLR.

3. Imishini ehlukahlukene

Ukuqiniswa komsindo wesayithi kufanele kuqinisekiswe izinga lengcindezi enkulu yomoya ngaphandle kokukhiqiza impendulo ye-acoustic, ukuze izikhulumi namandla ama-amplifiers zivikelwe. Ngasikhathi sinye, ukuze ulondoloze ukucaciswa komsindo, kepha futhi nokwenza ukushiyeka kokuqina komsindo, kuyadingeka ukufaka imishini yokusebenza komsindo phakathi kwe-mixer kanye ne-amplifier yamandla, ama-compresser, ama-compressors, abahlukanisi bokuvama, umsabalalisi womsindo.

I-Frequency Equalizer kanye nempendulo ye-suppressor isetshenziselwa ukucindezela impendulo yomsindo, yenza izinkinga zomsindo, futhi uqinisekise ukucaca okuzwakalayo. I-compressor isetshenziselwa ukuqinisekisa ukuthi i-amplifier yamandla ngeke idale ukulayisha ngokweqile noma ukuhlanekezela lapho uhlangabezana nenani elikhulu lesiginali yokufaka, futhi lingavikela ama-amplifier nezikhulumi zamandla. I-Excenger isetshenziselwa ukwenza ubuhle bomsindo, okungukuthi, ukuthuthukisa umbala womsindo, ukungena, kanye nomqondo we-stereo, ukucaca kanye nomphumela we-bass. I-Frequency Divider isetshenziselwa ukuthumela amasiginali amabhendi amvamisa ahlukile kuma-amplifiers awo ahambisanayo ama-amplifiers, futhi ama-amplifiers anamandla akhulisa amasiginali anomsindo futhi akhiphe izikhulumi. Uma ufuna ukukhiqiza uhlelo olusezingeni eliphakeme lwezobuciko, kufanelekile ukusebenzisa i-electronic electronic crossover ekwakhiweni kohlelo lokuqiniswa komsindo.

Kunezinkinga eziningi ekufakweni kohlelo lomsindo. Ukucatshangelwa okungafanele kwesikhundla sokuxhuma nokulandelana kwemishini yokuhlanza imiphumela kuholela ekusebenzeni okunganele kwemishini, futhi ngisho nemishini ishisiwe. Ukuxhumeka kwemishini ye-peripheral ngokuvamile kudinga i-oda: Isilinganisi sitholakala ngemuva kwe-mixer; Futhi impendulo ye-sempresser akufanele ibekwe phambi kwesilinganisi. Uma i-sempressor yempendulo ibekwe phambi kwesilinganisi, kunzima ukuqeda ngokuphelele impendulo ye-acoustic, engakuvumeli ukuthola impendulo ye-suppressor; I-compressor kufanele ibekwe ngemuva kwe-Equalizer kanye ne-sempresser yempendulo, ngoba umsebenzi oyinhloko we-compressor ukucindezela amasiginali ngokweqile futhi uvikele ama-amplifier kanye nezikhulumi zamandla; I-Excenget ixhunyiwe phambi kwe-amplifier yamandla; I-crossover ye-elekthronikhi ixhunyiwe ngaphambi kokukhulisa amandla lapho kudingeka.

Ukwenza uhlelo olurekhodiwe luthole imiphumela emihle kakhulu, amapharamitha we-compressor kumele alungiswe ngendlela efanele. Lapho i-compressor ingena ezweni elicindezelwe, izoba nomphumela olimazayo emthonjeni, ngakho-ke zama ukugwema i-compressor esimweni esicindezelwe isikhathi eside. Umgomo oyisisekelo wokuxhuma i-compressor esiteshini esikhulu sokunwetshwa yithi imishini yokuhlanza ngemuva kwayo akufanele ibe nomsebenzi wokukhuphula amandla ngangokunokwenzeka, uma kungenjalo i-comprescer ayikwazi ukudlala indima evikelayo nhlobo. Kungaleso sizathu-ke i-Equalizer kufanele itholakale ngaphambi kwempendulo ye-Poiceback, futhi i-compressor itholakala ngemuva kwe-sempresser yempendulo.

I-Excenger isebenzisa izinto zomuntu ze-psychoacoustic ukudala izakhi eziphakeme ze-aronmonic ngokwemvamisa okuyisisekelo komsindo. Ngasikhathi sinye, umsebenzi wokunwebeka okuvame ukukhiqizwa ungadala izingxenye eziphansi eziphansi futhi uphinde uthuthukise ithoni. Ngakho-ke, isinali elinomsindo elikhiqizwa yi-Excenger linebhendi ebanzi kakhulu. Uma ibhendi imvamisa ye-compressor ibanzi kakhulu, kungenzeka ngokuphelele ukuthi i-exciter ixhumeke ngaphambi kwe-compressor.

I-elekthronikhi yemvamisa ye-elekthronikhi ixhunyiwe phambi kwe-amplifier yamandla njengoba kudingeka ukunxephezela amaphutha adalwa yimvelo kanye nokuphendula imvamisa kwemithombo yomsindo ohlukile; Okubi kakhulu ukuthi ukuxhumeka nokulungisa iphutha kuyinkinga futhi kulula ukudala izingozi. Njengamanje, amaprosesa alalelwayo wedijithali avele, ahlanganisa imisebenzi engenhla, futhi angaba qotho, alula ukusebenza, futhi aphakeme ekusebenzeni.

4. Uhlelo lokuqinisa umsindo

Uhlelo lokuqinisa umsindo kufanele lunake ukuthi kumele luhlangabezane namandla azwakalayo kanye nokufana okuhle kwensimu; Ukumiswa okulungile kwezikhulumi bukhoma kungathuthukisa ukucaciswa kokuqiniswa komsindo, kunciphise ukulahleka kwamandla okuzwakalayo kanye nempendulo ye-acoustic; Amandla kagesi aphelele ohlelo lokuqinisa umsindo kufanele agcinwe ngo-30% -50% wamandla wokugcina; Sebenzisa amahedfoni okuqapha okungenantambo.

5. Ukuxhumana kwesistimu

Ukuqhathaniswa kokuqhathaniswa nokuqhathaniswa kwezinga kufanele kubhekwe kumagazini wokuxhumana kwedivayisi. Ibhalansi kanye nokungalingani kuhlobene nephuzu lereferensi. Inani lokumelana (inani lokuvimbela) lawo womabili amaphethelo wesiginali emhlabathini ayalingana, futhi ubumbano luphambene, okuwukufaka okulinganiselayo noma okukhiphayo. Njengoba amasiginali wokuphazamisa atholwe ama-terminals amabili alinganiselayo anenani elifanayo ne-polarity efanayo, amasignali aphazamisayo angakhansela omunye komunye umthwalo wokudlulisela okulinganiselayo. Ngakho-ke, isifunda esilinganiselayo sinokucindezela okujwayelekile okuvamile kanye nekhono lokulwa nokulwa. Imishini yokulalelwayo enobuchwepheshe eminingi yamukela ukuxhumana okulinganiselayo.

Ukuxhumana kwesipika kufanele kusebenzise amasethi amaningi wezintambo zesipika esifushane ukunciphisa ukumelana komugqa. Ngoba ukumelana komugqa kanye nokuphikiswa kwemiphumela kwe-amplifier yamandla kuzothinta inani eliphansi le-Q yohlelo lwesipika, izici zesikhashana zemvamisa ephansi zizobe zimbi kakhulu, futhi umugqa wokuhambisa uzokhiqiza ukuhlanekezela ngesikhathi sokuhanjiswa kwezimpawu zomsindo. Ngenxa yokusakazwa kwamakhono kanye nokusatshalaliswa komugqa wokuhambisa, bobabili banezici ezithile zemvamisa. Njengoba isiginali sakhiwa izakhi eziningi zemvamisa, lapho iqembu lezimpawu zomsindo ezakhiwa umugqa wemvamisa amaningi lidlula emugqeni wokuhambisa, ukubambezeleka kanye ne-attenciation okubangelwa ukuhlukaniswa imvamisa ehlukile, okuholela ekuhlangeni okubizwa ngokuthi yi-amplity kanye nokuhlanekezela isigaba. Ngokuvamile ukukhuluma, ukuhlanekezela njalo kukhona. Ngokwesimo se-theoretical somugqa wokuhambisa, isimo esingekho emthethweni sika-R = g = 0 ngeke sibangele ukuphambuka, nokungapheli amandla ngokuphelele nakho akunakwenzeka. Endabeni yokulahleka okulinganiselwe, isimo sokudluliswa kwesiginali ngaphandle kokuhlanekezela yi-L / R = C / g, futhi umugqa wokuhambisa ofanayo ofanayo uhlala njalo l / r

6. Ukulungisa iphutha

Ngaphambi kokulungiswa, qala usethe ijika leleveli le-System yeleveli ngayinye ngaphakathi kohlu olunamandla lwedivayisi, futhi ngeke kube khona ukuhlukaniswa kwezimpawu eziphakeme kakhulu, lapho ubeka ijika le-System, ijika le-mixer libaluleke kakhulu. Ngemuva kokubeka lelo zinga, isimilo semvamisa sohlelo singakhokhiswa.

Imishini yanamuhla ye-Electro-acoustic Equipment enekhwalithi engcono ngokuvamile inezici zemvamisa kakhulu ezifuywayo enanini le-20HZ-20KHZ. Kodwa-ke, ngemuva kokuxhumeka kwezinga eliningi, ikakhulukazi izikhulumi, kungenzeka zingenazo izici zemvamisa kakhulu. Indlela ebiyelwe ngokwengeziwe i-Pink Noise-Spectrum Analyzer indlela. Inqubo yokulungiswa kwale ndlela ukufaka umsindo opinki ohlelweni lomsindo, iphinde isebenzise isipika, futhi isebenzise imakrofoni yokuhlola ukuze uthathe umsindo endaweni yokulalela enhle kakhulu ehholo. Imakrofoni yokuhlola ixhumeke ku-spectrum analyzer, i-spectrum analyzer ingabonisa izici zemvamisa ye-Amplitude, bese ilungisa ngokucophelela isilinganisi ngokwesilinganiso se-spectrum ukwenza ifreyimu yemvamisa ephelele. Ngemuva kokulungiswa, kungcono ukubheka ama-waveform weleveli ngayinye nge-oscilloscope ukubona ukuthi izinga elithile linokuhlanekezela okubangelwa ukulungiswa okukhulu kwesilinganisi.

Ukuphazanyiswa kwesistimu kufanele kunake: Amandla okuhambisa amandla kufanele azinze; Igobolondo ledivaysi ngayinye kufanele lifakwe emthonjeni ukuze livikele kahle ukunqanda ama-hum; Ukufakwa Kwesiginali kanye nokukhipha kufanele kulinganiswe; vimbela i-wiring evulekile kanye nokufudumala okungajwayelekile.