1. Isingeniso sezikhulumi

Isipikha sibhekisela kudivayisi engashintsha amasignali omsindo abe umsindo. Ngokwemigomo evamile, sibhekisela ku-amplifier yamandla eyakhelwe ngaphakathi kwikhabhinethi yesipikha esiyinhloko noma kwikhabhinethi ye-subwoofer. Ngemva kokuba isipikha somsindo sikhulisiwe futhi sicutshungulwa, isipikha ngokwaso sidlala umsindo ukuze siwenze uzwakale. Khulisa.

Isipikha siyisiphetho salo lonke uhlelo lomsindo. Umsebenzi waso ukuguqula amandla omsindo abe amandla omsindo ahambisanayo bese siwadlulisela esikhaleni. Siyingxenye ebaluleke kakhulu yohlelo lomsindo futhi sinesibopho sokuguqula amasignali kagesi abe amasignali e-acoustic kubantu. Umsebenzi wokulalela ngqo ezindlebeni.

Ukwakheka kwesipikha:

Izikhulumi ezikhona emakethe ziza ngazo zonke izimo nemibala, kodwa kungakhathaliseki ukuthi iyiphi, zakhiwe izingxenye ezimbili eziyisisekelo:isikhulumiiyunithi (ebizwa ngokuthi iyunithi yeYangsheng) kanye nekhabhinethi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izikhulumi eziningi zisebenzisa okungenani ezimbili noma ezimbili. Amayunithi ezikhulumi angenhla kuphela asebenzisa lokho okubizwa ngokuthi ukukhiqizwa komsindo weziteshi eziningi, ngakho-ke i-crossover nayo iyingxenye ebalulekile. Yiqiniso, kungase kube khona ukotini odonsa umsindo, amashubhu aguquliwe, “amapayipi e-labyrinth” agoqiwe, kanye nezikhulumi eziqinisiwe. Ama-ribs/amabhodi okuvimbela umsindo aqinisiwe kanye nezinye izingxenye, kodwa lezi zingxenye azibalulekile kunoma yisiphi isipika. Izingxenye eziyisisekelo zesipika ziyizingxenye ezintathu kuphela: iyunithi yesipika, ikhabhinethi kanye ne-crossover.

Ukuhlukaniswa kwezikhulumi:

Ukuhlukaniswa kwezikhulumi kunezingqimba nezindinganiso ezahlukene. Ngokwesakhiwo se-acoustic sezikhulumi, kunezibhokisi ezingangeni moya, amabhokisi aguquliwe (abizwa nangokuthi amabhokisi okubonisa amaza aphansi), izikhulumi ze-radiator ezingasebenzi, kanye nezikhulumi zomugqa wokudlulisa. Ibhokisi le-inverter liyiyona nto eyinhloko emakethe yamanje; ngokombono wobukhulu nokubekwa kwezikhulumi, kunezibhokisi ezimi phansi kanye namabhokisi eshelufu lezincwadi. Elokuqala likhulu ngobukhulu futhi livame ukufakwa ngqo phansi. Ngezinye izikhathi, izinyawo ezibamba ukushaqeka nazo zifakwa ngaphansi kwezikhulumi. Ngenxa yobuningi bekhabhinethi kanye nokulula kokusebenzisa ama-woofers amakhulu namakhulu, ibhokisi elisuka phansi liye ophahleni livame ukuba nemvamisa ephansi engcono, izinga lokucindezela komsindo ophumayo eliphezulu kanye nomthamo wokuthwala amandla aqinile, ngakho-ke lifanelekela izindawo ezinkulu zokulalela noma izidingo ezibanzi kakhulu. Ibhokisi leshelufu lezincwadi lincane ngobukhulu futhi livame ukufakwa ku-tripod. Libonakala ngokubeka okuguquguqukayo futhi alithathi isikhala. Kodwa-ke, ngenxa yomthamo webhokisi kanye nomkhawulo wobubanzi kanye nenani lama-woofers, imvamisa yalo ephansi ivame ukuba ngaphansi kuneyebhokisi elingaphansi, kanye namandla alo okuthwala. Futhi izinga lokucindezela komsindo ophumayo nalo lincane, elifanele ukusetshenziswa endaweni encane yokulalela; ngokusho komkhawulokudonsa omncane wokudlala, kunezikhulumi ze-broadband kanye nezikhulumi ze-narrowband. Izikhulumi eziningi zenzelwe ukumboza. Ibhendi yemvamisa ebanzi ngangokunokwenzeka yisikhulumi se-wide-band. Uhlobo oluvame kakhulu lwezikhulumi ze-narrow-band yi-subwoofer (subwoofer) eyavela ne-home theatre, esetshenziswa kuphela ukubuyisela imvamisa ephansi kakhulu ibe yibhendi yemvamisa encane kakhulu; ngokusho kokuthi kukhona yini i-amplifier yamandla eyakhelwe ngaphakathi, ingahlukaniswa ibe yizikhulumi ezingasebenzi kanye nezikhulumi ezisebenzayo, eyokuqala ayinayo i-amplifier eyakhelwe ngaphakathi kanti eyesibili inayo. Njengamanje, izikhulumi eziningi zasekhaya azisebenzi, kodwa ama-subwoofers avame ukusebenza.

2. Isingeniso Somsindo

Umsindo ubhekisela emisindweni engeyona ulimi nomculo womuntu, kufaka phakathi imisindo yemvelo, imisindo yezilwane, imisindo yemishini namathuluzi, kanye nemisindo eyahlukahlukene eyenziwe yizenzo zabantu. Umsindo cishe uhlanganisa i-power amplifier, imishini yangaphandle (kufaka phakathi i-compressor, i-effector, i-equalizer, i-VCD, i-DVD, njll.), izipikha (izipikha, izipikha), i-mixer, imakrofoni, imishini yokubonisa, njll. uma kuhlanganiswa kube yisethi. Phakathi kwazo, izipikha kukhona amadivayisi okukhipha umsindo, izipikha, ama-subwoofer, njalo njalo. Isikhulumi sihlanganisa izipikha ezintathu, eziphezulu, eziphansi, neziphakathi, ezintathu kodwa hhayi ezintathu ngempela. Umlando wokuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe ungahlukaniswa ngezigaba ezine: amashubhu e-electron, ama-transistors, amasekethe ahlanganisiwe, kanye nama-transistors omphumela wensimu.

Izingxenye zomsindo:

Imishini yomsindo cishe ihlanganisa ama-amplifiers kagesi, imishini yangaphandle (kufaka phakathi ama-compressor, imiphumela, ama-equalizer, ama-exciter, njll.), izipikha (izipikha, izipikha), ama-mixer, imithombo yomsindo (njengemakrofoni, izinsimbi zomculo, i-VCD, i-DVD) amadivayisi okubonisa Njalo njalo, hlanganisa kuze kube yisethi eyodwa. Phakathi kwazo, izipikha kukhona amadivayisi okukhipha umsindo, izipikha, ama-subwoofer, njll. Isikhulumi sihlanganisa izinhlobo ezintathu zezipikha, eziphezulu, eziphansi, neziphakathi, kodwa hhayi ezintathu ngempela.